Rights:
You must be issued an asylum seeker document (“white paper” and later the “red card”).
Your asylum application must be communicated to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR / ACNUR).
Any process of return, expulsion, or extradition must be suspended until a decision on your asylum application is made or you are readmitted.
You have the right to access and know the contents of your asylum file at any time.
You have the right to work in Spain after six months from the date of your asylum interview, as long as your application has not been rejected.
You have the right to a free lawyer and interpreter.
You have the right to receive healthcare.
You have the right to free access to public education (under the same conditions as Spanish nationals).
If you lack financial resources, you must be provided with housing and social assistance to cover your basic needs in a way that ensures your dignity.
With Residence Documents and Protection (Refugee Status):
You must be issued a foreigner identity card (TIE).
You may obtain a travel document (if you do not have a passport).
You have the right to a permanent residence and work permit (self-employed or employed), which must be renewed every five years.
You have the right to a free lawyer and interpreter under the same conditions as Spanish nationals.
You have the right to healthcare.
If you lack financial resources, you must be provided with housing and social assistance to cover your basic needs with dignity.
You may apply for Spanish nationality after five years of legal residence in Spain (unless a more favorable regime applies, such as marriage or naturalization through other means).
Under Temporary Protection:
You must be issued a foreigner identity card (TIE).
You may obtain a residence and work permit valid for one year, renewable up to a maximum of three years.
You have the right to a free lawyer and interpreter under the same conditions as Spanish nationals.
You have the right to healthcare.
You have the right to free access to public education (under the same conditions as Spanish nationals).
If you lack financial resources, you must be provided with housing and social assistance to ensure your basic needs are met with dignity.
You may apply for Spanish nationality after five years of legal residence in Spain (unless a more favorable regime applies, such as marriage or other special conditions).